Category: Water Resources

The global inventory of fresh surface water resources is about 0.3% of the total water available on the earth. The major part of these resources (87%) exists in lakes and only 2% flows in rivers while the remaining (11%) is trapped in swamps. The remainder of the global freshwater resources, which amounts to double the surface water resources (i.e. 0.6%), exists in icecaps and glaciers (67%), and groundwater (30%). The global inventory of fresh surface water is conservative, i.e. constant, as the earth is a closed system in this respect. However, the quality of fresh surface water on the earth’s surface has gone through, and still, gradual degradation by the increasing waste and pollution as a results of growing population, consumption of natural resources and industrialization as well as severe lack of regulations for protection of global water resources. Also, groundwater resources are facing tremendous threats both in terms of quantity and quality. Freshwater resources management is essential for achieving sustainable socio-economic developments through implementation of best water practices in all society sectors. Existing and emerging competition on freshwater resources on national, regional and global levels, and the diverse interests among stakeholders in public and private sectors, call for Water Framework Directive to achieve good qualitative and quantitative status of all water bodies including trans-boundary waters and marine water up to one nautical mile from shore. There are constant needs for developing treaties, conventions, regulations and agreements on all levels, sectors and consumers. This involves taking in consideration the nature of local, regional and global cycles and their interactions with climate, environment, humans and the techno-sphere. Management of water resources has to consider the complex interactions of water sectors, stakeholders and consumers with all other society sectors, in particular energy, agriculture, industry and household sectors. Among important issues for achieving sustainable socio-economic developments world over is affordability and accessibility of safe water resources for all society needs.

The Collapse of the US Dollar!

The collapse of the dollar is predicted.

It is not about if it would come? But rather when it would happen? This is the truth that was never told. If you can ignore the reality, it would never be possible to ignore its consequences.

So, be prepared, check out the top 5 places not to be in a “Dollar Collapse”.

http://m.youtube.com/watch?v=yKB07SImil0

Energy versus Water?

Energy left after the “Big Bang” was the origin of the Earth, water and all other natural resources on the earth including fossil fuel, wind-power and the solar-fuel. These are the fundamental drivers of the evolution of all forms of life on the earth. The dichotomy between natural resources and basic life-components that has facilitated our life, which seemed to us to be “endless”, promoted our consumption to the degree that we are running out of all resources. The dilemma of water and energy seems to be like the classical question “which came first, the chicken or the egg” and if they will disappear which will disappear first. We need energy to produce water and we need water to produce energy. Both resources are running out. As we are reaching Peak Oil, we also appear to approaching Peak Water. With the vanishing drivers of life, life itself will fade away. In other words, our planet is aging with us and the question who dies first!

http://www.o2env.com/news/energy-versus-water/

Energy Transformation in NENA and Future Challenges

The MENA region is facing major challenges to meet the growing pressures on its WE “Water and Energy” resources. This would require major transformation for shaping new policies to meet the accelerating demands not only on energy but also on water. Other drivers what regards energy are high insolation rates, young and empowered workforce. Among other drivers for achieving sustainable WE-policies are increasing awareness of cost, quality, market diversity and public services.

http://www.greentechmedia.com/research/report/mena-solar-market-outlook-2013-2017

Algerian wetlands

Ten new Wetlands of International Importance are extremely important additions to the Ramsar List. They represent impressive array of under-represented wetland types typical of arid lands, including salt-bed chotts, oases, and “gueltas”. They are key geographical position for migratory birds during journeys across the Sahara. These wetlands sustained rich evolutionary adaptations to the harsh arid conditions in isolated circumstances. They are, also, of unique cultural significance. WWF’s Living Waters Campaign commended the Government of Algeria for these impressive designations.

http://www.ramsar.org/cda/en/ramsar-pubs-notes-photo-essay-algerian/main/ramsar/1-30-168%5E19606_4000_0__

Policy Helping developing countries’ economies to grow

Economic growth is a powerful instrument for empowering people and reducing poverty in the developing world. It is essential for creating jobs and market opportunities for people to support their families and build more sustainable futures. However, many developing countries face particular challenges and threats to achieve and maintain sustainable economic growth because of weak institutions, high unemployment, poor infrastructure for key public and private services (education, health, security, transport, water and energy), also a severe lack of access to financial services and unsuitable laws and regulations.

https://www.gov.uk/government/policies/helping-developing-countries-economies-to-grow

The State of Environment – Information Networking in Rwanda.

GRID, a Centre collaborating with UNEP, is engaged in promoting high-level environmental policies. The following has initiated important information for building the necessary infra-structure for policy-making to improve the socio-economic developments in Rwanda. During the preparation of the first Rwanda State of Environment and Outlook in 2009, it became evident that there is a lack of reliable core datasets and indicators on the environment. As such there is need for improved collaboration between institutions dealing with environmental information management. All institutions working in the natural resources sector will benefit from the creation of an infrastructure for sharing environmental data. An environmental information network that improves data access at all levels of society will in turn support the country’s sustainable development objectives.

http://www.grida.no/publications/rwanda-ein/ebook.aspx

Importance of rural communities in promoting sustainable developments

The importance of rural communities and their engagement in promoting sustainable socio-economic developments is gaining an increasing attention. Improving the quality of life in rural regions and integrating them in the ongoing urbanization is imperative for achieving sustainability goals on the global scale. Initiatives similar to “World Bank Helps Communities Adapt to Climate Change Risks” (see the given link) can be taken in other region that suffer high risks for severe impacts from climate and environmental changes.

http://www.worldbank.org/en/news/press-release/2013/10/04/world-bank-helps-communities-adapt-to-climate-change-risks#!

How friendly is hydro-electric power?

Hydro-electric power is classified among Renewable Energy Sources where no contributions to man-made global warming. But what how friendly is hydro-electric power? and what are the environmental threats associated with this source of energy?. So far, our accumulated knowledge demonstrates that the environmental threats were under-estimated. The hydropower seems to be viewed more favorably, despite historical concerns over biodiversity loss, long-term environmental impact and the social repercussions of massive community resettlement. Natural erossion at upstream lands that deliver fertile soils to low laying-land downstream has long-term impacts on soil quality with consequences for continuous use of fertilization, e.g. the case of the Nile delta. Inceasing of evaporation at the water-bodies behind dam constructions which is dominant in arid and regions, e.g. Lake Naser on the Nile. Dam building is expected to give rise to changes in local and regional hydrology of groundwater with risks for increasing salination, if this takes place in combination with increased use of groundwater. Also, power plants at upstream countries are usually associated with increasing waste and pollution from the industries, urbanization activities and household. Such emissions in many cases do not follow strict environmental protection recoomendations.

See more at:
http://chinawaterrisk.org/resources/analysis-reviews/hydropower-environmental-disaster-or-climate-saver/

Conserving Water and Energy to Maximize Efficiency and Reduce Emissions!

Achieving sustainable socio-economic developments world-over depends on our understanding of the “Water-Energy nexus”, I call it WE-nexus. This is by no means the most important nexus for promoting golbal sustainability with considerable saving of WE-resources in terms of quality and quatity. How to use this nexus to get the magic-mix for best “quality and quantity” savings has no universal solution, it is dependent on how such resources can be managed through different levels of cooperation and shared responsibilty, e.g. on local, national, regional and global levels. Also, through adapting appropriate practices with consideration the geo-climatic conditions.

http://www.fmlink.com/article.cgi?type=Magazine&pub=AFE&id=30077&mode=source

Emerging voices: International Water Law for Preventing Conflict on the Nile

Without access to water resources no country on the earth can survive and provide its population with the basic needs for life and development. Sovereignty of nations or populations over geographically existing natural resources in their territories did not exist duing the era of colonialism, phrases such as “equitable rights” were not recognized by colonialism who held control over the global natural resources through military power. Our understanding of equitable rights for sharing transboundary water resources, by being common natural resources, has emerged through centures and intensified in the past decades with the complete transformation of the world form colonialism to sovereign nations.

Emerging Voices: International Water Law – Preventing Conflict on the Nile

NG Itaipu Dam Brazil Megastructures – a model for successful transboundary projects!.

This world most powerful hydro-electric dam on our planet has faced several challenges and difficulties before and during its construction. However, when completed it remains to be among the most successful trabsboundary projects with minimum negative consequence on all involved partners.

Follow the story at:

BBC Natural World – Victoria Falls. The Smoke that Thunders.

Wildlife documentary. A tale of life on the Zambezi River, set against the epic backdrop of Victoria Falls. The story is told from the point of view of a local fisherman, Mr White, who has fished these waters for 69 years, and whose riverside companions are elephants, baboons, hippos and kingfishers. Follow the fortunes of these animals through his eyes, and learn how their lives are ruled by the moods of the river and the rains.
Buy “Ondiek” on

Africa Climate Conference 2013,15-18 October – Arusha, Tanzania

Africa is the continent most vulnerable to current climate variability and extremes and the one most likely to suffer adverse effects of climate change. Adaptation policies and actions will be most effective if based on the best possible knowledge concerning current and future climate. Policymakers need access to the best available science to effectively respond to local, national and regional challenges. Scientists need, also, feedback from policy makers and other users of scientific data and information to develop their research priorities and to respond to stakeholder needs.

http://www.climdev-africa.org/acc2013